The dielectric effect is the property of dielectrics that causes their electric field to shift in response to an applied electric field. This shift can be either a decrease or increase in the dielectric’s local electric field, depending on whether the dielectric responds positively or negatively, respectively. The dielectric strength is defined as its ability to resist this shift and maintain its electrical properties.
What should I know about this?
The strength is influenced by the polarization of atoms inside the dielectric material. Suppose an electric field, induced by applying a voltage across two conductors (an electrode), causes these polarized molecules to align within their respective crystals. In that case, there will be fewer free charge carriers available for conduction between the electrodes. This reduces current flow through the dielectric and decreases its electrical resistance; hence it has higher strength than before. Conversely, fewer electrons are driven into regions where they can move freely about in response to an applied field due to alignment with neighboring ions/molecules above some threshold value known as critical ionization level or critical packing fraction.
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